Archangel

Archangel (pop. 419,000; Russian, Arkhangelsk), city in northwestern Russian Federation, near the mouth of the North Dvina River. Archangel is a major White Sea port, exporting lumber, resin, turpentine, and furs. Other industries include sawmilling, shipbuilding, and papermaking. Established as a trading post called Novo-Kholmogory in 1584, it later became a leading Russian port, declining after 1703, when St. Petersburg was founded. The port expanded in World War II, when it received tons of supplies shipped by the Allies.