Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander Isayevich (1918– ), Russian writer. His own experience of Stalin's labor camps was described in One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1962), acclaimed in the USSR and abroad. But First Circle and Cancer Ward (both 1968) were officially condemned. He accepted the 1970 Nobel Prize in literature by letter. His expulsion from the USSR to West Germany in 1974 and his warnings on the moral and political fate of the West drew worldwide publicity. He has resided in the United States since 1976. Solzhenitsyn's work includes August 1914 (1971), The Gulag Archipelago (1973–75), and October 1916 (1985).