Special education

Special education, instruction designed for the special needs of certain students, both gifted and handicapped. Mainstreaming refers to the time spent by these exceptional students in a regular classroom; special instruction takes place in “resource rooms.” Over 10% of U.S. schoolchildren need special education programs (approximately 8% are handicapped, including physical and mental impairments; 3–5% are considered gifted). Students of both average and above-average intelligence may need special education, due to learning disabilities from minor disorders. Hyperactive children also participate in special education programs. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (1975) provides for their education.