Yerevan

Yerevan, or Erevan (pop. 1,202,000), capital city of Armenia, on the Razdan River, in southeastern Europe, near Turkey. Archeological remains indicate a settlement on the site dating from before 2000 B.C., and a fortress from the 8th century B.C.

The city was often under siege and destroyed by rival powers, particularly, during the 15th–19th centuries, the Persians and Ottomans. It was established as capital of the Armenian republic in 1920. Hydroelectric power from the Razdan River has helped the city become a center for chemical, engineering, and other industries. It is also a center for culture and higher education.

See also: Armenia.