July Revolution

July Revolution, popular revolt in France in July 1830 against King Charles X. Middle-class opposition was aroused when the king's ultraroyalist minister, Jules Armand de Polignac, published the July Ordinances, which suspended freedom of the press, dissolved the chamber of deputies, and reduced the electorate by 75%. Rioting broke out, and though Charles repealed the Ordinances, he was forced to abdicate. His cousin the duke of Orleans became King Louis Philippe.

See also: France.