Logic

Logic, the science of dealing with formal principles of reasoning and thought. Aristotelian, or classical, logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of argument based on the belief that thought, language, and reality are interrelated. Classical logic's influence on Western Civilization has been enormous and enduring. In the 19th and 20th centuries symbolic logic has achieved preeminence. It is rooted in mathematical theory (Set Theory) and has been instrumental in the evolution of modern mathematics.