Meningitis

Meningitis (cerebrospinal meningitis), inflammation of the menninges caused by bacteria or viruses. Bacterial meningitis is of abrupt onset, with headache, vomiting, fever, neck stiffness, and sensitivity to light. Early and appropriate antibiotic treatment is essential as permanent damage may occur, especially in children. Viral meningitis is a milder illness with similar signs; only symptomatic measures are required. Tuberculous meningitis is an insidious chronic type that responds slowly to antituberculous drugs. Some fungi, unusual bacteria and syphilis may also cause varieties of meningitis. Diagnosis is made through an examination of the cerebrospinal fluid via a spinal tap.