a South African magazine which began publication as The African Drum primarily for a white readership. Jim Bailey took over the journal in 1951. Under the editorship of Anthony Sampson, and subsequently of Sylvester Stein (1956–7) and Tom Hopkinson (1958–61), Drum became almost legendary for its portrayal, addressed mainly to a black readership, of township life in and around Johannesburg, particularly Sophiatown. The journalist, much influenced by African-American writers like Langston Hughes and Richard Wright, were all black South Africans; Lewis Nkosi, Es'kia Mphahlele, and Bloke Modisane began their writing careers as journalists for Drum. The journal exposed injustices related to apartheid, and published fiction by Peter Abrahams, Richard Rive, and others. The magazine's photo-journalism became world famous. Interviews with many of the contributors have been published in A Good-looking Corpse (1991) by Mike Nicol. Banned from 1965 to 1968, Drum never recovered its vigour, and was taken over by an Afrikaner publisher. See Anthony Sampson, Drum: An African Adventure—and Afterwards (1983).